India along with Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Mexico, and Costa Rica is a candidate state to receive a semiconductor ecosystem in case of an emergency around Taiwan. The country's current state in the industry is characterized by its talent pool in the designing sector (20% of global semiconductor design engineers), unbalanced development among semiconductor-related sectors, and promising projects. Moreover, India possesses the characteristics of the largest population for sales, access to the Indian Ocean for international trade, and managers at the top global companies to import know-how.
Bangalore is home to more than 1 million software engineers plus around 90,000 graduates from local universities. The city houses 14 semiconductor designing centers and R&D facilities of international and national top companies such as NXP Semiconductors, Infineon Technologies, NVIDIA, AMD, MosChip Technologies, and Tata Elxsi. In Bangalore, SITAR Society operates MEMS and CMOS production facilities processing 500nm in 150mm wafers in cooperation with the Defense Research and Development Organization under the Ministry of Defense.
Hyderabad is the second most well-known semiconductor center of India where another production facility of SITAR Society is located. The facility (GAETEC) manufactures 500nm MESFET for strategic and security purposes. In addition to this, Intel, MosChip Technologies, and NXP Semiconductors own design or R&D centers in Hyderabad.
Pune, Noida, Chennai, and Gujarat are among the Indian cities actively attracting and building a semiconductor ecosystem. Punjab hosts Semi-Conductor Laboratory under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology that is equipped with 180nm technology and specializes in VLSI design, and CMOS and MEMS fabrication. The laboratory also contains VLSI assembly, packaging and testing, and MEMS testing services. SPEL Semiconductor of Natronix in Chennai is considered as India's only IC assembly and test facility.
Bangalore holds a leading position according to semiconductor start-ups with AGNIT Semiconductors, Aura Semiconductor, FermionIC, Saankhya Labs, and SignOff Semiconductors. There are 2 start-ups (InCore Semiconductor and Mindgrove Technologies) in Chennai. Hyderabad and Greater Noida each have one start-up (Silizium Circuits and Vervesemi).
Indian Institute of Technology plays a central role in training engineers in the country. The Institute consists of a network of 23 institutions. Indian Institute of Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, and SRM Institute of Science and Technology are included as Indian top electrical and electronic engineering education organizations.To support semiconductor education, Lam Research trains 60,000 engineers through its Semiverse Solution virtual fabrication platform and Applied Materials allocates 400 million dollars to launch an engineering center in India.
Along with knowledge sectors, promising projects are announced in the field of assembly, testing, and packaging. Micron under the support of the Indian government released its plan to build an assembly and testing facility in Gujarat for DRAM and NAND products. Another facility in Gujarat is projected in Sanand by CG Power, Renesas Electronics of Japan, and Stars Microelectronics of Thailand to provide ATMP service. Morigoan in Assam is expected to receive an ATMP unit of Tata Semiconductor Assembly and Test Pvt. Dholera in Gurajat is masked as the home to the first Indian fab Tata Electronics and Powerchip Semiconductor of Taiwan.
In an overview, India is growing as a lucrative hub of engineers that serves to draw the attention of global semiconductor giants and feed the demands of local enterprises. On the other hand, semiconductor manufacturing, mining of industrial minerals, and wafer production sectors of India remain underdeveloped. For example, there are overall 3 manufacturing facilities, 2 ATP, and 2 gallium mines (Hindalco Industries at Renukoot in Uttar Pradesh and National Aluminium at Damanjodi in Odisha) in the country. To mitigate the situation, the government and private sector are supporting facilities with national and international companies such as Tata Electronics, Micron, and Powerchip Semiconductor. Although there is a long way for India to become a self-maintaining semiconductor power, Bangalore, Chennai, and Hyderabad in the country are good examples of how to start and gain a share in this industry.
The data about the locations of semiconductor manufacturing facilities is collected from open sources and visualized under the Semiconductor Geography project. You can see the map of Semiconductor manufacturing facilities in Google Maps in a more informative and detailed form by clicking the link.
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